Your prostate cancer treatment options depend on several factors, such as the rate of cancer spread, how widespread is, your general health as well as the benefits and potential side effects of treatment.
Immediate treatment may not be necessary
For men diagnosed with early prostate cancer, treatment may not be needed immediately. Some men do not need treatment. Instead, doctors may recommend watchful waiting, sometimes called active surveillance. In watchful waiting, blood tests, rectal exams and possibly biopsies may be performed to monitor the progress of your cancer.
If tests show the cancer progresses, it may choose to treat prostate cancer, such as surgery or radiotherapy. Watchful waiting may be an option for cancer is not causing symptoms, is expected to grow very slowly and is limited to a small area of the prostate. Watchful waiting may be considered for a man who has another serious medical condition or advanced age that allows cancer treatment more difficult. Watchful waiting is a risk that the cancer can develop and disseminate the tests, making it more difficult to treat.
Radiotherapy
Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells. Radiotherapy for prostate cancer can be delivered in two ways:
Radiation from outside the body (external radiation). During external beam radiation, you lie on a table while a machine moves around your body, manage powerful energy beams such as X-rays, your prostate cancer. You generally undergo external radiation treatments five days a week for several weeks.
Located in the body of radiation (brachytherapy). Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive seeds, rice, many of the companies in your prostate. The radioactive seeds deliver low doses of radiation for a long time. Medical implants of radioactive seeds into the prostate with a needle guided by ultrasound images. To plant the seeds at the end to stop giving away radiation and should not be removed.
Side effects of radiotherapy can include painful urination, frequent urination and urgency of urination, and rectal symptoms such as loose stools, or pain during bowel movement. Erectile dysfunction can also occur.
The hormone
Hormone therapy is a treatment to prevent your body produces the male hormone testosterone. The prostate cancer cells dependent on testosterone to help them grow. The cut of hormones can cause the cancer cells grow more slowly. The hormonal therapy options include:
Drugs that block the body to produce testosterone. Drugs known as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists prevent the testes to make testosterone to receive messages. The drugs typically used in the treatment of such leuprolide (Lupron, Eligard,), goserelin (Zoladex), triptorelin (Trelstar), Histrelin (VANTAS) and degarelix (FIRMAGON).
The drugs that prevent testosterone from reaching cancer cells. Drugs called anti-androgens prevent the testosterone from reaching cancer cells. Examples include bicalutamide (Casodex), flutamide and nilutamide (Nilandron). These drugs are usually administered in combination with LH-RH agonist or LH-RH given before the agonist.
Surgery to remove the testicles (orchiectomy). Removal of your testicles reduces testosterone levels in the body. The effectiveness of orchiectomy to reduce testosterone levels are the same as hormone replacement drugs, orchiectomy but may lower testosterone levels more quickly.
Hormone therapy is used in men with advanced prostate cancer to reduce cancer and slow tumor growth. In men with prostate cancer at an early stage, hormone therapy can be used to shrink tumors prior to radiation therapy. This can make it more likely that radiation therapy is a success. Hormone therapy is sometimes used after surgery or radiotherapy to reduce the growth of any cancer cells left behind.
Side effects of hormone therapy can include erectile dysfunction, hot flashes, loss of muscle and bone mass, decreased sex drive, and weight gain. Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart disease and heart attack. Doctors believe that prolonged use of hormone therapy and low levels of hormones that lead can cause cardiovascular problems.
Surgery to remove the prostate
Surgery for prostate cancer involves removing the prostate (radical prostatectomy), and some surrounding tissue and some lymph nodes. Methods of radical prostatectomy procedure can be performed include:
Make an incision in the abdomen. During retropubic surgery, the prostate is removed through an incision in the lower abdomen. Compared to other types of prostate surgery, prostate surgery retropubic implies a lower risk of nerve damage, which can lead to problems with bladder control and erection.
Make a cut between the anus and the scrotum. Perineal surgery involves making an incision between your anus and the scrotum to access your prostate. The perineal approach to surgery may allow faster recovery, but this technique removes nearby lymph nodes and avoid nerve damage difficult.
Laparoscopic prostatectomy. During prostate laparoscopically, several small incisions are made in the abdomen. The doctor adds a special surgical instruments through the incisions, as a long narrow tube with a small camera on the end (laparoscope). Laparoscope sends images to monitor the operating room. The surgeon watches to follow, as he controls the instruments. Laparoscopic surgery may offer a shorter hospitalization and a quicker recovery than traditional surgery.
Using a robot to help with surgery. In laparoscopic surgery, robotic instruments are connected to a mechanical device (a robot). The surgeon sits on the console and use the controls to guide robotic devices to move. Use the robot during laparoscopic surgery may allow surgeons to make precise movements of surgical instruments than is possible with traditional laparoscopic surgery. Talk to your doctor about which type of surgery is best for your particular situation.
Prostate assumes the risk of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Ask your doctor to explain the risks they may encounter on the situation, the procedure chosen, your age, body type and overall health.
The freezing of prostate tissue
Cryosurgery or cryoablation involves freezing the tissue to kill cancer cells. Cryosurgery for prostate cancer, small needles are inserted into the prostate from ultrasound images as a guide. A very cold gas is placed in the hands, causing the tissue around freezing. A second gas is placed in the hands to warm the tissue. Cycles of freezing and thawing to kill cancer cells and surrounding healthy tissue. Original attempts to use cryosurgery for prostate cancer has led to unacceptable side effects. Doctors hope that new technologies will cryosurgery.
Prostate tissue with ultrasound heating
Ultrasound therapy in high-intensity focused powerful uses sound waves to heat the prostate tissue which causes cancer cells to die. High intensity focused ultrasound is done by inserting a small probe into the rectum. The probe focused ultrasound energy at specific points of your prostate. High intensity focused ultrasound treatment are studied in clinical trials. Further study is needed to understand the benefits and risks of this treatment.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill rapidly growing cells, including cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be administered through a vein in the arm, in pill form or both. Chemotherapy may be a treatment option for men with prostate cancer that has spread to distant areas of the body. Chemotherapy can also be an option for tumors that are unresponsive to hormonal therapy. The doctors will examine whether chemotherapy is useful when combined with radiotherapy or surgery.
Immediate treatment may not be necessary
For men diagnosed with early prostate cancer, treatment may not be needed immediately. Some men do not need treatment. Instead, doctors may recommend watchful waiting, sometimes called active surveillance. In watchful waiting, blood tests, rectal exams and possibly biopsies may be performed to monitor the progress of your cancer.
If tests show the cancer progresses, it may choose to treat prostate cancer, such as surgery or radiotherapy. Watchful waiting may be an option for cancer is not causing symptoms, is expected to grow very slowly and is limited to a small area of the prostate. Watchful waiting may be considered for a man who has another serious medical condition or advanced age that allows cancer treatment more difficult. Watchful waiting is a risk that the cancer can develop and disseminate the tests, making it more difficult to treat.
Radiotherapy
Radiation therapy uses high-powered energy to kill cancer cells. Radiotherapy for prostate cancer can be delivered in two ways:
Radiation from outside the body (external radiation). During external beam radiation, you lie on a table while a machine moves around your body, manage powerful energy beams such as X-rays, your prostate cancer. You generally undergo external radiation treatments five days a week for several weeks.
Located in the body of radiation (brachytherapy). Brachytherapy involves placing radioactive seeds, rice, many of the companies in your prostate. The radioactive seeds deliver low doses of radiation for a long time. Medical implants of radioactive seeds into the prostate with a needle guided by ultrasound images. To plant the seeds at the end to stop giving away radiation and should not be removed.
Side effects of radiotherapy can include painful urination, frequent urination and urgency of urination, and rectal symptoms such as loose stools, or pain during bowel movement. Erectile dysfunction can also occur.
The hormone
Hormone therapy is a treatment to prevent your body produces the male hormone testosterone. The prostate cancer cells dependent on testosterone to help them grow. The cut of hormones can cause the cancer cells grow more slowly. The hormonal therapy options include:
Drugs that block the body to produce testosterone. Drugs known as luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone (LH-RH) agonists prevent the testes to make testosterone to receive messages. The drugs typically used in the treatment of such leuprolide (Lupron, Eligard,), goserelin (Zoladex), triptorelin (Trelstar), Histrelin (VANTAS) and degarelix (FIRMAGON).
The drugs that prevent testosterone from reaching cancer cells. Drugs called anti-androgens prevent the testosterone from reaching cancer cells. Examples include bicalutamide (Casodex), flutamide and nilutamide (Nilandron). These drugs are usually administered in combination with LH-RH agonist or LH-RH given before the agonist.
Surgery to remove the testicles (orchiectomy). Removal of your testicles reduces testosterone levels in the body. The effectiveness of orchiectomy to reduce testosterone levels are the same as hormone replacement drugs, orchiectomy but may lower testosterone levels more quickly.
Hormone therapy is used in men with advanced prostate cancer to reduce cancer and slow tumor growth. In men with prostate cancer at an early stage, hormone therapy can be used to shrink tumors prior to radiation therapy. This can make it more likely that radiation therapy is a success. Hormone therapy is sometimes used after surgery or radiotherapy to reduce the growth of any cancer cells left behind.
Side effects of hormone therapy can include erectile dysfunction, hot flashes, loss of muscle and bone mass, decreased sex drive, and weight gain. Hormone therapy increases the risk of heart disease and heart attack. Doctors believe that prolonged use of hormone therapy and low levels of hormones that lead can cause cardiovascular problems.
Surgery to remove the prostate
Surgery for prostate cancer involves removing the prostate (radical prostatectomy), and some surrounding tissue and some lymph nodes. Methods of radical prostatectomy procedure can be performed include:
Make an incision in the abdomen. During retropubic surgery, the prostate is removed through an incision in the lower abdomen. Compared to other types of prostate surgery, prostate surgery retropubic implies a lower risk of nerve damage, which can lead to problems with bladder control and erection.
Make a cut between the anus and the scrotum. Perineal surgery involves making an incision between your anus and the scrotum to access your prostate. The perineal approach to surgery may allow faster recovery, but this technique removes nearby lymph nodes and avoid nerve damage difficult.
Laparoscopic prostatectomy. During prostate laparoscopically, several small incisions are made in the abdomen. The doctor adds a special surgical instruments through the incisions, as a long narrow tube with a small camera on the end (laparoscope). Laparoscope sends images to monitor the operating room. The surgeon watches to follow, as he controls the instruments. Laparoscopic surgery may offer a shorter hospitalization and a quicker recovery than traditional surgery.
Using a robot to help with surgery. In laparoscopic surgery, robotic instruments are connected to a mechanical device (a robot). The surgeon sits on the console and use the controls to guide robotic devices to move. Use the robot during laparoscopic surgery may allow surgeons to make precise movements of surgical instruments than is possible with traditional laparoscopic surgery. Talk to your doctor about which type of surgery is best for your particular situation.
Prostate assumes the risk of urinary incontinence and erectile dysfunction. Ask your doctor to explain the risks they may encounter on the situation, the procedure chosen, your age, body type and overall health.
The freezing of prostate tissue
Cryosurgery or cryoablation involves freezing the tissue to kill cancer cells. Cryosurgery for prostate cancer, small needles are inserted into the prostate from ultrasound images as a guide. A very cold gas is placed in the hands, causing the tissue around freezing. A second gas is placed in the hands to warm the tissue. Cycles of freezing and thawing to kill cancer cells and surrounding healthy tissue. Original attempts to use cryosurgery for prostate cancer has led to unacceptable side effects. Doctors hope that new technologies will cryosurgery.
Prostate tissue with ultrasound heating
Ultrasound therapy in high-intensity focused powerful uses sound waves to heat the prostate tissue which causes cancer cells to die. High intensity focused ultrasound is done by inserting a small probe into the rectum. The probe focused ultrasound energy at specific points of your prostate. High intensity focused ultrasound treatment are studied in clinical trials. Further study is needed to understand the benefits and risks of this treatment.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill rapidly growing cells, including cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be administered through a vein in the arm, in pill form or both. Chemotherapy may be a treatment option for men with prostate cancer that has spread to distant areas of the body. Chemotherapy can also be an option for tumors that are unresponsive to hormonal therapy. The doctors will examine whether chemotherapy is useful when combined with radiotherapy or surgery.
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